Fármacos de uso oftálmico, situación actual y nuevos fármacos en desarrollo

En la actualidad la prescripción de medicamentos para uso oftálmico es de gran importancia, debido alas características únicas del medio ocular. En este trabajo de fin de grado se presentauna revisión bibliográfica de dos fármacos de uso oftálmico para dos patologías frecuentes, como son el glaucoma y el ojo seco. El primero es el latanoprost, explicándosecomo se concibió a partir de derivados de las prostaglandinas hasta llegar al fármaco actualsegún un proceso de cribado, probando diferentes derivadosa partir de la prostaglandina F2αnatural. También su mecanismo de acción,mediante la participación de unas enzimas llamadas metaloproteinasas que reducen la resistencia al paso del humor acuoso a través del cuerpo ciliar, ylas diversas rutas de síntesis por las cuales se ha fabricado industrialmente a lo largo del tiempo, con el objetivo de mejorar los rendimientos de los procesos de síntesis.Sin olvidarnos de las perspectivas de futuro frente a esta patología.El segundo es el SkQ1, un antioxidante novedoso para el ojo seco,realizándose una revisión de la posible conexión de esta patología con el estrés oxidativo. Asimismo, se presenta la forma de actuación de la familia de antioxidantes a la que pertenece,mediante la actuación de la plastoquinona, prostanoide que se encuentra en cloroplastosyla posible eficacia que conlleva. También se describela síntesis que ha llevado a la producción de dicho fármacopor suscreadores, y los diferentes ensayos clínicos que puedan justificar el lugar que puede ocupar este dentro de la patología que trata.Universidad de Sevilla. Doble grado en Farmacia y Óptica y Optometrí

Implementing and evaluating graph algorithms for long vector architectures

High-Performance Computing can be accelerated using long-vector architectures. However, creating efficient coding implementations for these architectures can be challenging. This Master's thesis focuses on implementing four well-known and widely-used graph processing algorithms using the RISC-V Vector Extension, leveraging an experimental system in an FPGA. I present a graph storage format that benefits from long vectors and describe how these four algorithms can be rewritten to utilize it. This thesis also introduces an instrumentation tool for FPGA that I developed to link the output of electrical engineering software with performance analysis tools for HPC. This tool allows users to visualize information coming from the logic analyzer internal to the FPGA with powerful visualization tools, permitting fine-grain analysis of the FPGA signals correlated with the code running on it. This tool has been integrated into the experimental performance analysis tools of BSC. In this thesis I leverage this tool to analyze and improve my implementations of graph algorithms for long-vector architectures, collecting the process and thoughts behind each optimization. Finally, I compare the performance of my vector implementations with other machines, such as the NEC SX-Aurora, a commercial RISC-V board, and an Intel chip

Fair Coexistence of Scheduled and Random Access Wireless Networks: Unlicensed LTE/WiFi

We study the fair coexistence of scheduled and random access transmitters sharing the same frequency channel. Interest in coexistence is topical due to the need for emerging unlicensed LTE technologies to coexist fairly with WiFi. However, this interest is not confined to LTE/WiFi as coexistence is likely to become increasingly commonplace in IoT networks and beyond 5G. In this article we show that mixing scheduled and random access incurs and inherent throughput/delay cost, the cost of heterogeneity. We derive the joint proportional fair rate allocation, which casts useful light on current LTE/WiFi discussions. We present experimental results on inter-technology detection and consider the impact of imperfect carrier sensing.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures, journa

μ\muNap: Practical Micro-Sleeps for 802.11 WLANs

In this paper, we revisit the idea of putting interfaces to sleep during 'packet overhearing' (i.e., when there are ongoing transmissions addressed to other stations) from a practical standpoint. To this aim, we perform a robust experimental characterisation of the timing and consumption behaviour of a commercial 802.11 card. We design $\mu$Nap, a local standard-compliant energy-saving mechanism that leverages micro-sleep opportunities inherent to the CSMA operation of 802.11 WLANs. This mechanism is backwards compatible and incrementally deployable, and takes into account the timing limitations of existing hardware, as well as practical CSMA-related issues (e.g., capture effect). According to the performance assessment carried out through trace-based simulation, the use of our scheme would result in a 57% reduction in the time spent in overhearing, thus leading to an energy saving of 15.8% of the activity time.Comment: 15 pages, 12 figure

The practice of social pedagogy

Artículo publicado originalmente en enero de 1930 como parte del número 97 de la Revista de Pedagogía, entonces dirigida por el pedagogo institucionista Lorenzo Luzuriaga. Se centra en la necesidad de potenciar la socialización desde la infancia, con el objetivo de desarrollar las habilidades comunicativas de los niños y niñas en las escuelas. La autora, Leonor Serrano de Pablo, maestra e inspectora de primera enseñanza emblemática en la historia de la Educación en la España del primer tercio del siglo XX, sitúa en él a la palabra como base para la cultura, la democracia, y, en definitiva, para la promoción del pacifismo en las sociedades civilizadasArticle originally published in January 1930 as part of number 97 of the journal Revista de Pedagogía, then directed by Lorenzo Luzuriaga. The author was Leonor Serrano de Pablo, an emblematic teacher and school inspector in the Spanish history of education of the first third of the twentieth century. The article focuses on the need to promote socialization from childhood, aiming at developing communication skills of boys and girls in schools. The article stresses the importance of language as a basis for culture, democracy, and, ultimately, for the promotion of pacifism in civilized societie

Special adult women schools

Artículo publicado originalmente en el año 1924 en la Revista de Pedagogía, entonces dirigida por el pedagogo institucionista Lorenzo Luzuriaga. La autora reflexiona sobre la enseñanza de las personas adultas, concretamente de las mujeres. Conocedora de la gravísima situación del analfabetismo en España, Leonor Serrano enfatiza en la idea de ofrecer una enseñanza organizada y repartida por toda la geografía española, haciendo hincapié en las áreas rurales. Aborda la cuestión desde una perspectiva feminista, apostando por la plena integración de la mujer en el sistema educativo no solo desde edades tempranas, atendiendo así a todas aquellas mujeres que llegadas a la edad adulta no habían tenido la posibilidad de tener estudios. Los profesores Teresa Rabazas Romero y Carlos Sanz Simón, del Museo de Historia de la Educación “Manuel Bartolomé Cossío” de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, aportan a esta reedición un comentario críticoArticle originally published in 1924 in the journal Revista de Pedagogía, then directed by Lorenzo Luzuriaga. The author reflects on the teaching of adults, specifically women. Knowing how a serious issue illiteracy was at the time in Spain, Leonor Serrano emphasizes the idea of offering an organized and distributed teaching throughout the Spanish geography, with an emphasis on rural areas. It addresses this question from a feminist perspective, arguing for the full integration of women in the educational system not only from their early years, but serving all women in need of literacy. Teresa Rabazas Romero and Carlos Sanz Simón, the Museum of History of Education “Manuel Bartolomé Cossío” at the Complutense University of Madrid, prepared this reedition with an additional critical commentar

Chernick, Marc (2008), Acuerdo posible: solución negociada al conflicto armado colombiano, Bogotá: Ediciones Aurora. ISBN 978-958-9136-3-86, PP. 284

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실리콘 카바이드에 대한 CO2 레이저 연마의 효과

학위논문(석사)--서울대학교 대학원 :공과대학 기계항공공학부,2019. 8. 안성훈.실리콘 카바이드 (SiC)는 일반적으로 사용되는 다른 유리 및 금속보다 많은 장점을 제공하기 때문에 오랫동안 고성능 광학 응용 분야에서 우수한 재료로 인정 받고 있다. SiC의 우수한 특성 중 일부는 매우 높은 고유 강성 (E / ρ), 높은 열 전도성 및 뛰어난 치수 안정성을 포함한다. 실리콘 카바이드에 대한 CO2 레이저 연마와 레이저의 공구 경로의 효과가 조사했다. 이 하이브리드 과정에는 먼저 원하는 패턴에 레이저 크랙을 냈다. 이어서, 레이저 보조 연마가 동일한 공구 경로에서 수행되다. 표면은 레이저 유도 크랙이 있는 영역과 크랙이 없는 영역에서 물질 제거에 있어 뚜렷한 차이를 보였다.. 이러한 물질 제거의 높은 차이는 매크로 및 미세 패턴을 가공하기 위해서 사용되었다. 폭은 2 mm에서 200 μm까지, 그리고 깊이는 5 μm에서 20 μm까지 홈이 성공적으로 생성되었다. 또한, 이 하이브리드 과정은 나중에 Newtonian 망원경의 일부로 사용되는 구형 오목 거울을 가공하는 데 사용된다.Silicon carbide (SiC) has long been recognized as an excellent material for high performance optical applications because it offers many advantages over other commonly used glasses and metals. Some of the superior attributes of SiC include extremely high specific stiffness (E/ρ), high thermal conductivity and outstanding dimensional stability. The effect of and CO2 laser and its tool path on silicon carbide (SiC) were investigated. The process started by creating Laser induced cracks on the desired pattern. Subsequently, laser assisted polishing was conducted on the same tool path. The surface showed a sharp difference in material removal in the areas with laser induced cracks and in areas with no cracks. This high difference in material removal was used to generate macro and micro patterns. Grooves from 2mm to 200μm in width and 5μm to 20μm depth were successfully generated. Moreover, this process was used to machine a spherical concave mirror that was later used as part of a Newtonian telescope.Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Purpose of Research 1 1.2 Surface Texture on Ceramics 3 1.2 Hybrid Machining Processes 3 Chapter 2. Experiment Set up 5 2.1 Hardware Set-Up 5 Chapter 3. Material Removal Rate 7 3.1 CO2 Laser Generated Cracks 7 3.2 Experiment Design 9 3.3 Material Removal Measurement and Results 12 Chapter 4. Macro/Micro Channels 17 4.1 Macro/Micro Channels Design 17 4.2 Tool Size Effect 19 4.3 Variable Width Channel 20 4.4 Tool Path Effect 22 Chapter 5. Newtonian Telescope 25 5.1 Mirror Design and Fabrication 25 5.2 Newtonian Telescope 28 Chapter 6. Conclusion 31 Bibliography 32 Abstract in Korean 34Maste

Thwarting Selfish Behavior in 802.11 WLANs

The 802.11e standard enables user configuration of several MAC parameters, making WLANs vulnerable to users that selfishly configure these parameters to gain throughput. In this paper we propose a novel distributed algorithm to thwart such selfish behavior. The key idea of the algorithm is for honest stations to react, upon detecting a selfish station, by using a more aggressive configuration that penalizes this station. We show that the proposed algorithm guarantees global stability while providing good response times. By conducting a game theoretic analysis of the algorithm based on repeated games, we also show its effectiveness against selfish stations. Simulation results confirm that the proposed algorithm optimizes throughput performance while discouraging selfish behavior. We also present an experimental prototype of the proposed algorithm demonstrating that it can be implemented on commodity hardware.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures, journa